New Zealand ranked 53/197 by economy size with a GDP of $260B and 26/197 by GDP per capita at $48,747. New Zealand has $133B in government debt, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 55.3%.
In 2025, New Zealand made up 0.23% of the world's economy, compared to 0.41% in 1960.
The chart below shows GDP in nominal terms, GDP adjusted for inflation (in constant dollars), and a bar chart of year-over-year inflation-adjusted growth.
| Year | GDP | GDP growth | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Current $ | Constant $ | ||
| 1960 | $5,536,098,360 | $42,169,502,939 | - |
| 1961 | $5,721,994,864 | $43,567,695,918 | 3.36% |
| 1962 | $6,133,158,532 | $44,909,961,496 | 7.19% |
| 1963 | $6,699,741,645 | $47,650,420,052 | 9.24% |
| 1964 | $7,340,766,415 | $50,558,660,811 | 9.57% |
| 1965 | $5,706,251,400 | $53,648,670,594 | -22.3% |
| 1966 | $5,917,437,693 | $57,000,887,530 | 3.7% |
| 1967 | $6,016,017,227 | $54,384,875,095 | 1.67% |
| 1968 | $5,228,045,415 | $54,358,308,884 | -13.1% |
| 1969 | $5,814,357,709 | $59,899,960,124 | 11.2% |
| 1970 | $6,495,605,331 | $59,062,793,729 | 11.7% |
| 1971 | $7,911,136,757 | $61,298,590,947 | 21.8% |
| 1972 | $9,567,331,065 | $64,436,532,490 | 20.9% |
| 1973 | $12,802,281,898 | $69,462,760,982 | 33.8% |
| 1974 | $13,940,981,798 | $73,625,970,474 | 8.89% |
| 1975 | $12,861,983,284 | $72,351,001,836 | -7.74% |
| 1976 | $13,604,832,424 | $73,023,006,890 | 5.78% |
| 1977 | $15,446,825,318 | $70,148,574,828 | 13.5% |
| 1978 | $18,530,518,395 | $70,372,042,491 | 20% |
| 1979 | $20,731,243,113 | $71,914,438,834 | 11.9% |
| 1980 | $23,244,547,385 | $72,838,001,601 | 12.1% |
| 1981 | $24,417,617,184 | $76,229,086,932 | 5.05% |
| 1982 | $24,164,603,059 | $76,937,776,426 | -1.04% |
| 1983 | $24,309,279,706 | $79,624,078,134 | 0.6% |
| 1984 | $21,665,975,319 | $83,440,220,877 | -10.9% |
| 1985 | $24,679,795,396 | $84,788,059,636 | 13.9% |
| 1986 | $30,604,668,357 | $87,082,121,111 | 24% |
| 1987 | $40,376,354,070 | $87,927,548,030 | 31.9% |
| 1988 | $45,176,811,594 | $87,616,568,095 | 11.9% |
| 1989 | $43,920,222,525 | $87,757,994,040 | -2.78% |
| 1990 | $45,495,129,385 | $87,892,387,206 | 3.59% |
| 1991 | $42,745,329,732 | $86,933,663,001 | -6.04% |
| 1992 | $41,649,829,860 | $87,884,573,621 | -2.56% |
| 1993 | $46,775,620,817 | $93,501,741,195 | 12.3% |
| 1994 | $55,314,732,279 | $98,288,327,599 | 18.3% |
| 1995 | $63,918,703,507 | $102,929,582,187 | 15.6% |
| 1996 | $70,140,835,299 | $106,647,274,008 | 9.73% |
| 1997 | $66,075,143,415 | $108,864,761,861 | -5.8% |
| 1998 | $56,227,169,851 | $109,799,263,892 | -14.9% |
| 1999 | $58,762,260,626 | $115,703,970,647 | 4.51% |
| 2000 | $52,623,281,957 | $119,024,733,715 | -10.4% |
| 2001 | $53,872,425,917 | $123,084,659,196 | 2.37% |
| 2002 | $66,627,729,311 | $128,886,227,124 | 23.7% |
| 2003 | $88,250,885,550 | $134,980,022,138 | 32.5% |
| 2004 | $103,905,210,084 | $140,497,957,985 | 17.7% |
| 2005 | $114,720,129,550 | $145,208,752,801 | 10.4% |
| 2006 | $111,538,810,713 | $149,245,237,528 | -2.77% |
| 2007 | $137,188,946,866 | $153,806,793,429 | 23% |
| 2008 | $133,437,126,590 | $152,242,519,171 | -2.73% |
| 2009 | $121,663,439,315 | $152,185,479,818 | -8.82% |
| 2010 | $146,887,902,524 | $154,405,312,545 | 20.7% |
| 2011 | $168,484,908,960 | $157,637,781,921 | 14.7% |
| 2012 | $176,560,711,239 | $161,367,975,233 | 4.79% |
| 2013 | $191,012,364,177 | $165,546,666,710 | 8.19% |
| 2014 | $201,518,402,787 | $171,881,119,397 | 5.5% |
| 2015 | $178,224,167,088 | $178,224,167,088 | -11.6% |
| 2016 | $189,100,085,275 | $184,959,455,627 | 6.1% |
| 2017 | $206,745,969,246 | $191,208,740,301 | 9.33% |
| 2018 | $211,985,631,173 | $197,844,796,499 | 2.53% |
| 2019 | $213,006,341,102 | $202,429,793,154 | 0.48% |
| 2020 | $213,029,554,654 | $201,807,833,898 | 0.01% |
| 2021 | $253,977,931,815 | $210,960,637,813 | 19.2% |
| 2022 | $249,509,991,440 | $218,336,637,843 | -1.76% |
| 2023 | $255,194,972,673 | $221,380,800,380 | 2.28% |
| 2024 | $260,235,932,559 | $221,100,836,866 | 1.98% |
Economic Statistics of New Zealand
New Zealand
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Gross domestic product |
$260B
2024 |
53/197 |
| GDP growth |
1.98%
2023-2024 |
163/196 |
| GDP per capita |
$48,747
2024 |
26/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$55,094
2024 |
37/197 |
| Government debt |
$133B
2024 |
52/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
55.3%
2025 |
95/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$24,936
2024 |
28/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$36,132
2025 |
22/197 |
| Listed domestic companies |
112
2024 |
47/103 |
| Market capitalization of domestic companies |
$92.9B
2024 |
39/100 |
| Number of billionaires |
5
2025 |
47/78 |
| Billionaire frequency |
1 in 806,453
2025 |
28/78 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
43%
2025 |
44/195 |
| Consumer prices inflation |
2.92%
2023-2024 |
108/195 |
| Central bank interest rate |
3%
2025 |
87/105 |
| Unemployment rate |
4.72%
2024 |
111/196 |
| Population |
5406623
|
121/197 |
New Zealand's GDP per capita
New Zealand has a GDP per capita of $48,747, ranking 26/197, a GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP) of $55,094, ranking 37/197, and a median annual after tax income of $36,132, ranking 22/197.
| Year | Current $ | |
|---|---|---|
| GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 1960 | $2,334 | - |
| 1961 | $2,365 | - |
| 1962 | $2,471 | - |
| 1963 | $2,646 | - |
| 1964 | $2,839 | - |
| 1965 | $2,171 | - |
| 1966 | $2,211 | - |
| 1967 | $2,208 | - |
| 1968 | $1,902 | - |
| 1969 | $2,097 | - |
| 1970 | $2,311 | - |
| 1971 | $2,773 | - |
| 1972 | $3,295 | - |
| 1973 | $4,323 | - |
| 1974 | $4,611 | - |
| 1975 | $4,172 | - |
| 1976 | $4,374 | - |
| 1977 | $4,951 | - |
| 1978 | $5,937 | - |
| 1979 | $6,668 | - |
| 1980 | $7,467 | - |
| 1981 | $7,814 | - |
| 1982 | $7,656 | - |
| 1983 | $7,598 | - |
| 1984 | $6,714 | - |
| 1985 | $7,601 | - |
| 1986 | $9,428 | - |
| 1987 | $12,331 | - |
| 1988 | $13,759 | - |
| 1989 | $13,312 | - |
| 1990 | $13,663 | $14,871 |
| 1991 | $12,230 | $14,560 |
| 1992 | $11,793 | $14,937 |
| 1993 | $13,094 | $15,964 |
| 1994 | $15,280 | $17,111 |
| 1995 | $17,400 | $17,885 |
| 1996 | $18,794 | $18,442 |
| 1997 | $17,474 | $19,127 |
| 1998 | $14,738 | $19,320 |
| 1999 | $15,322 | $20,579 |
| 2000 | $13,641 | $21,501 |
| 2001 | $13,883 | $22,521 |
| 2002 | $16,874 | $23,306 |
| 2003 | $21,914 | $23,987 |
| 2004 | $25,420 | $25,097 |
| 2005 | $27,751 | $25,677 |
| 2006 | $26,655 | $27,744 |
| 2007 | $32,480 | $29,354 |
| 2008 | $31,325 | $29,896 |
| 2009 | $28,277 | $30,756 |
| 2010 | $33,762 | $31,293 |
| 2011 | $38,432 | $32,739 |
| 2012 | $40,054 | $33,055 |
| 2013 | $43,000 | $36,263 |
| 2014 | $44,618 | $37,331 |
| 2015 | $38,665 | $37,578 |
| 2016 | $40,114 | $39,989 |
| 2017 | $42,950 | $42,244 |
| 2018 | $43,257 | $42,527 |
| 2019 | $42,779 | $45,198 |
| 2020 | $41,851 | $45,354 |
| 2021 | $49,689 | $47,997 |
| 2022 | $48,760 | $53,647 |
| 2023 | $48,655 | $53,854 |
| 2024 | $48,747 | $55,094 |
New Zealand's government spending, deficit, and chart
This chart shows New Zealand's government spending, budget balance, and debt over time, each expressed as a share of GDP.
Over the past 50 years, New Zealand recorded a fiscal deficit in 33 years — average annual deficit equal to -1.74% of GDP. In 2024, government spending reached $111B (43% of GDP), with a deficit of -5.18%.
The national debt reached $133B, ranking 52nd out of 185 countries by total size, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 55.3%, ranking 95th.
| Year | % of GDP | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Government spending | Government debt | Government deficit/surplus | |
| 1876 | 15.4% | 62.8% | -5.28% |
| 1877 | 14.9% | 71.2% | -2.53% |
| 1878 | 12.6% | 67.5% | -0.85% |
| 1879 | 13.1% | 69.8% | -0.55% |
| 1880 | 12.9% | 90.4% | -2.39% |
| 1881 | 13% | 91.9% | -2.33% |
| 1882 | 11.9% | 92.8% | 0.18% |
| 1883 | 12.3% | 95.7% | 0.38% |
| 1884 | 13% | 103.6% | -0.1% |
| 1885 | 13.3% | 104.8% | -0.47% |
| 1886 | 14.6% | 116.7% | -0.53% |
| 1887 | 14.8% | 123.1% | -1.63% |
| 1888 | 14.4% | 126.3% | -1.64% |
| 1889 | 14.2% | 129.9% | 0.59% |
| 1890 | 13.2% | 119.7% | 0.05% |
| 1891 | 13.6% | 121.7% | 0.46% |
| 1892 | 13.7% | 121% | 0.09% |
| 1893 | 13.2% | 120.5% | 1.14% |
| 1894 | 14% | 125.6% | 0.76% |
| 1895 | 14.3% | 132.7% | 0.32% |
| 1896 | 13.8% | 136.5% | 0.65% |
| 1897 | 13% | 128.1% | 0.86% |
| 1898 | 13.2% | 129.5% | 1.38% |
| 1899 | 13.6% | 132.1% | 1.15% |
| 1900 | 13.5% | 126.7% | 1.59% |
| 1901 | 13.3% | 120.6% | 1.11% |
| 1902 | 14.6% | 130.9% | 0.63% |
| 1903 | 13.9% | 125.4% | 0.55% |
| 1904 | 13.4% | 119.9% | 1.42% |
| 1905 | 13.5% | 121.6% | 1.41% |
| 1906 | 12.6% | 110.2% | 0.97% |
| 1907 | 12.1% | 99.8% | 1.13% |
| 1908 | 11.9% | 96.6% | 1.26% |
| 1909 | 13.7% | 110.7% | 0.31% |
| 1910 | 13.5% | 112.7% | 0.36% |
| 1911 | 12.3% | 106.6% | 1.24% |
| 1912 | 13% | 106.2% | 0.89% |
| 1913 | 13.8% | 112.1% | 0.79% |
| 1914 | 14.1% | 118.9% | 0.45% |
| 1915 | 13.1% | 106.1% | 0.06% |
| 1916 | 12.1% | 102.8% | 1.46% |
| 1917 | 12.7% | 117.3% | 3.89% |
| 1918 | 12.9% | 128.4% | 4.35% |
| 1919 | 14.6% | 137.7% | 2.9% |
| 1920 | 15.7% | 132.8% | 1.51% |
| 1921 | 16% | 117.9% | 3.55% |
| 1922 | 17.7% | 136.3% | -0.2% |
| 1923 | 18.7% | 155.8% | 0.95% |
| 1924 | 17.3% | 146.6% | 1.2% |
| 1925 | 17.2% | 142.8% | 0.78% |
| 1926 | 14.4% | 146.4% | 0.72% |
| 1927 | 16.3% | 164.7% | 0.4% |
| 1928 | 17% | 171.3% | 0.12% |
| 1929 | 15% | 163.4% | -0.37% |
| 1930 | 15.5% | 164.5% | 0.09% |
| 1931 | 17% | 190.2% | -1.12% |
| 1932 | 20.6% | 213.9% | -1.77% |
| 1933 | 19.7% | 226% | 0.02% |
| 1934 | 18.9% | 217.8% | -0.55% |
| 1935 | 17.9% | 187.8% | 1.19% |
| 1936 | 16.5% | 164.9% | 0.17% |
| 1937 | 15.8% | 135.9% | 0.23% |
| 1938 | 20.6% | 124.6% | 0.38% |
| 1939 | 18.4% | 119.7% | 0.34% |
| 1940 | 18.5% | 118.8% | 0.13% |
| 1941 | 18.2% | 120% | 0.64% |
| 1942 | 18% | 123.2% | 0.56% |
| 1943 | 15.1% | 130.3% | 1.24% |
| 1944 | 14.7% | 133.2% | 0.59% |
| 1945 | 15.3% | 141% | 0.32% |
| 1946 | 15.6% | 141.6% | 0.31% |
| 1947 | 24.2% | 135.4% | 1.07% |
| 1948 | 23.7% | 119.4% | 0.36% |
| 1949 | 24% | 124.7% | 0.53% |
| 1950 | 21.8% | 116.7% | 0.78% |
| 1951 | 19.2% | 95.1% | 1.17% |
| 1952 | 23% | 89.9% | 1.73% |
| 1953 | 22.8% | 87.7% | 0.43% |
| 1954 | 21.4% | 83.6% | 0.22% |
| 1955 | 19.6% | 77.9% | 0.73% |
| 1956 | 18.6% | 74.3% | 1.33% |
| 1957 | 19.5% | 72.9% | 0.32% |
| 1958 | 17.4% | 70.3% | -0.02% |
| 1959 | 20.7% | 70.4% | 0.03% |
| 1960 | 25.3% | 68.1% | 0.05% |
| 1961 | 21.1% | 64.6% | 0.03% |
| 1962 | 21.6% | 65% | 0.02% |
| 1963 | 19.4% | 64.5% | -0.26% |
| 1964 | 19.4% | 61.8% | -0.08% |
| 1965 | 24.9% | 59.6% | 0.26% |
| 1966 | 25% | 58.2% | 0.09% |
| 1967 | 26% | 59.7% | 0.02% |
| 1968 | 26.2% | 86.5% | 0.03% |
| 1969 | 25.9% | 85.8% | 0.17% |
| 1970 | 24.8% | 76.5% | -0.05% |
| 1971 | 26.8% | 71.3% | 0.09% |
| 1972 | 26.4% | 46% | 0.12% |
| 1973 | 27.1% | 44% | -0.07% |
| 1974 | 27.3% | 39.6% | 0.03% |
| 1975 | 30.1% | 41.4% | 0.11% |
| 1976 | 31.6% | 47.6% | -2.07% |
| 1977 | 30% | 44.6% | -1.09% |
| 1978 | 36.6% | 50% | -3.41% |
| 1979 | 38.4% | 52% | -6.55% |
| 1980 | 38% | 52.2% | -4.9% |
| 1981 | 39.1% | 50.5% | -6.02% |
| 1982 | 39.9% | 51.5% | -6.26% |
| 1983 | 41.4% | 59.6% | -6.64% |
| 1984 | 40.7% | 62.8% | -8.68% |
| 1985 | 46.1% | 64.1% | -6.97% |
| 1986 | 46.9% | 68.5% | -5.33% |
| 1987 | 46.1% | 62.9% | -3.43% |
| 1988 | 46.1% | 54.7% | -1.88% |
| 1989 | 47.9% | 55% | -2.16% |
| 1990 | 49.6% | 55.5% | -2.74% |
| 1991 | 53% | 58% | -6.14% |
| 1992 | 52.5% | 58.7% | -6.27% |
| 1993 | 46.8% | 54.6% | -1.53% |
| 1994 | 42.8% | 48.9% | 1.99% |
| 1995 | 41.6% | 43.5% | 3.7% |
| 1996 | 39.9% | 37.3% | 2.58% |
| 1997 | 39.3% | 34.6% | 1.23% |
| 1998 | 40.1% | 34.5% | -0.48% |
| 1999 | 39.3% | 32% | -1.11% |
| 2000 | 38.3% | 30% | 0.17% |
| 2001 | 37.2% | 28.2% | 1.29% |
| 2002 | 36.8% | 26.4% | 2.55% |
| 2003 | 36.7% | 24.7% | 3.68% |
| 2004 | 36.2% | 22.5% | 4.49% |
| 2005 | 37.1% | 20.8% | 5.13% |
| 2006 | 37.9% | 18.4% | 4.62% |
| 2007 | 37.1% | 16.3% | 3.6% |
| 2008 | 38.5% | 19% | 1.47% |
| 2009 | 40.3% | 24.3% | -1.81% |
| 2010 | 42.9% | 29.6% | -5.51% |
| 2011 | 42.4% | 34.7% | -4.96% |
| 2012 | 39.7% | 35.7% | -2.19% |
| 2013 | 38.6% | 34.5% | -1.29% |
| 2014 | 37.7% | 34.2% | -0.34% |
| 2015 | 37.2% | 34.2% | 0.36% |
| 2016 | 36.4% | 33.3% | 0.98% |
| 2017 | 35.6% | 31.1% | 1.36% |
| 2018 | 36.1% | 28.1% | 1.27% |
| 2019 | 38.8% | 31.8% | -2.5% |
| 2020 | 42% | 43.2% | -4.35% |
| 2021 | 41.9% | 47.5% | -3.5% |
| 2022 | 41.8% | 46.9% | -4.16% |
| 2023 | 41.3% | 47% | -3.54% |
| 2024 | 42.7% | 51.2% | -4.38% |
| 2025 | 43% | 55.3% | -5.18% |
Inflation rate by year
Over the past 20 years, New Zealand has had an average annual inflation rate of 2.6%. In 2024, inflation was 2.92%. The bar chart below shows consumer price inflation by year.
| Year | Inflation |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0.7% |
| 1961 | 1.8% |
| 1962 | 2.68% |
| 1963 | 1.97% |
| 1964 | 3.47% |
| 1965 | 3.4% |
| 1966 | 2.76% |
| 1967 | 6.06% |
| 1968 | 4.31% |
| 1969 | 4.93% |
| 1970 | 6.52% |
| 1971 | 10.4% |
| 1972 | 6.93% |
| 1973 | 8.17% |
| 1974 | 11.1% |
| 1975 | 14.7% |
| 1976 | 16.9% |
| 1977 | 14.4% |
| 1978 | 12% |
| 1979 | 13.7% |
| 1980 | 17.2% |
| 1981 | 15.4% |
| 1982 | 16.2% |
| 1983 | 7.34% |
| 1984 | 6.17% |
| 1985 | 15.4% |
| 1986 | 13.2% |
| 1987 | 15.7% |
| 1988 | 6.38% |
| 1989 | 5.72% |
| 1990 | 6.1% |
| 1991 | 2.6% |
| 1992 | 1.01% |
| 1993 | 1.29% |
| 1994 | 1.75% |
| 1995 | 3.75% |
| 1996 | 2.29% |
| 1997 | 1.19% |
| 1998 | 1.27% |
| 1999 | -0.11% |
| 2000 | 2.62% |
| 2001 | 2.63% |
| 2002 | 2.68% |
| 2003 | 1.75% |
| 2004 | 2.29% |
| 2005 | 3.04% |
| 2006 | 3.37% |
| 2007 | 2.38% |
| 2008 | 3.96% |
| 2009 | 2.12% |
| 2010 | 2.3% |
| 2011 | 4.03% |
| 2012 | 1.06% |
| 2013 | 1.13% |
| 2014 | 1.23% |
| 2015 | 0.29% |
| 2016 | 0.65% |
| 2017 | 1.85% |
| 2018 | 1.6% |
| 2019 | 1.62% |
| 2020 | 1.71% |
| 2021 | 3.94% |
| 2022 | 7.17% |
| 2023 | 5.73% |
| 2024 | 2.92% |
Balance of trade
|
New Zealand
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
Current account balance
|
-$15.8B
2024 |
178/189 |
| Current account balance, % of GDP |
-6.09%
2024 |
142/189 |
| Goods imports |
$48.6B
2024 |
54/188 |
| Goods exports |
$43.3B
2024 |
56/188 |
| Service imports |
$19.4B
2024 |
50/188 |
| Service exports |
$18.5B
2024 |
48/188 |
| Imports of goods and services, % of GDP |
26.7%
2023 |
146/180 |
| Exports of goods and services, % of GDP |
23.7%
2023 |
132/193 |
New Zealand's top 10 trading partners
New Zealand's biggest trading partner accounting for 20.9%% of all exports and imports is China, with a trade balance between the two of +$1.06B — New Zealand exports $11.6B worth of goods and services to China and imports $10.6B.
Below is the list of the top 10 trade partners of New Zealand.
| Rank | Country | Trade value | Share of total trade | Export to | Import from | Top export to | Top import from |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
China
|
$22.2B | 20.9% | $11.6B | $10.6B | Animal & marine products | Machinery & equipment |
| 2 |
Australia
|
$15.6B | 14.6% | $7.24B | $8.35B | Processed food, beverages & tobacco | Business & finance services |
| 3 |
United States
|
$14.7B | 13.8% | $7.91B | $6.81B | Animal & marine products | Machinery & equipment |
| 4 |
Singapore
|
$6.13B | 5.75% | $1.35B | $4.78B | Animal & marine products | Raw materials & minerals |
| 5 |
South Korea
|
$5.51B | 5.18% | $1.4B | $4.12B | Animal & marine products | Raw materials & minerals |
| 6 |
Japan
|
$5.19B | 4.87% | $2.43B | $2.77B | Animal & marine products | Machinery & equipment |
| 7 |
United Kingdom
|
$3.38B | 3.17% | $1.45B | $1.93B | Animal & marine products | Machinery & equipment |
| 8 |
Germany
|
$2.72B | 2.55% | $557M | $2.16B | Animal & marine products | Machinery & equipment |
| 9 |
Thailand
|
$2.61B | 2.45% | $833M | $1.77B | Animal & marine products | Machinery & equipment |
| 10 |
Malaysia
|
$2.35B | 2.21% | $965M | $1.38B | Animal & marine products | Raw materials & minerals |
New Zealand's top 10 exports
|
New Zealand
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Animal & marine products | $19.5B | 5/192 |
| Transport & tourism services | $10.7B | 47/188 |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $5.31B | 39/192 |
| Machinery & equipment | $3.88B | 59/193 |
| Wood & paper products | $3.57B | 30/192 |
| Raw agricultural goods | $3.51B | 40/193 |
| Chemicals & pharma | $2.32B | 57/193 |
| Business & finance services | $2.24B | 58/188 |
| IT & IP services | $2.21B | 44/183 |
| Metals | $1.56B | 65/192 |
New Zealand's top 10 imports
|
New Zealand
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Machinery & equipment | $19.2B | 53/193 |
| Transport & tourism services | $8.99B | 51/188 |
| Raw materials & minerals | $8.15B | 60/193 |
| Business & finance services | $5.42B | 44/188 |
| Chemicals & pharma | $5.11B | 63/193 |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $4.48B | 45/193 |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $4.47B | 53/193 |
| IT & IP services | $3.18B | 41/182 |
| Metals | $1.77B | 78/193 |
| Wood & paper products | $1.2B | 57/193 |
Economic freedom indices
|
New Zealand
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | 78.1 | 12/197 |
| Property rights | 87.5 | 28/182 |
| Government integrity | 91.3 | 28/182 |
| Judicial effectiveness | 93.9 | 28/182 |
| Tax burden | 65.4 | 159/181 |
| Government spending | 47.8 | 140/180 |
| Fiscal health | 77.7 | 76/181 |
| Business freedom | 88.7 | 7/182 |
| Labor freedom | 69.7 | 12/182 |
| Monetary freedom | 74.6 | 50/180 |
| Trade freedom | 90.4 | 2/181 |
| Investment freedom | 70 | 35/181 |
| Financial freedom | 80 | 9/181 |
New Zealand's economic freedom by year
New Zealand is ranked 11/180 for economic freedom with a score of 78.1, compared to 2/163 and a score of 82.3 in 2005.
| Year | Index | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | Judicial effectiveness | Tax burden | Government spending | Fiscal health | |
| 1996 | 78.1 | - | 65.1 | 48.6 | - |
| 1997 | 79 | - | 64.7 | 53.9 | - |
| 1998 | 79.2 | - | 64.6 | 55.8 | - |
| 1999 | 81.7 | - | 66 | 58 | - |
| 2000 | 80.9 | - | 65.8 | 47.1 | - |
| 2001 | 81.1 | - | 62.5 | 49.6 | - |
| 2002 | 80.7 | - | 62.5 | 49.6 | - |
| 2003 | 81.1 | - | 62.4 | 53 | - |
| 2004 | 81.5 | - | 62.8 | 55.8 | - |
| 2005 | 82.3 | - | 61.7 | 55.3 | - |
| 2006 | 82 | - | 61.7 | 54.8 | - |
| 2007 | 81.4 | - | 61.4 | 56.5 | - |
| 2008 | 80.7 | - | 60.5 | 56 | - |
| 2009 | 82 | - | 62.5 | 49.6 | - |
| 2010 | 82.1 | - | 63.6 | 51.3 | - |
| 2011 | 82.3 | - | 64.7 | 49.3 | - |
| 2012 | 82.1 | - | 71.6 | 45 | - |
| 2013 | 81.4 | - | 71.5 | 33.2 | - |
| 2014 | 81.2 | - | 71.2 | 32.3 | - |
| 2015 | 82.1 | - | 70.4 | 43 | - |
| 2016 | 81.6 | - | 71 | 46 | - |
| 2017 | 83.7 | 88.5 | 70.8 | 46.5 | 97.8 |
| 2018 | 84.2 | 88.4 | 70.5 | 49.5 | 98.3 |
| 2019 | 84.4 | 83.5 | 71 | 50.4 | 98.6 |
| 2020 | 84.1 | 79.1 | 71 | 57.8 | 98.3 |
| 2021 | 83.9 | 80.5 | 70.6 | 58.1 | 98.2 |
| 2022 | 80.6 | 95.9 | 70.8 | 53.5 | 88.3 |
| 2023 | 78.9 | 96.8 | 66.6 | 49.7 | 72.2 |
| 2024 | 77.8 | 93.2 | 65.5 | 46.3 | 72.4 |
| 2025 | 78.1 | 93.9 | 65.4 | 47.8 | 77.7 |
More economic indicators
|
New Zealand
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Services, % of GDP |
67.4%
2022 |
33/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
19.6%
2022 |
133/194 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP |
4.57%
2022 |
111/193 |
|
GNI, Atlas method
|
$247B
2024 |
54/194 |
| GNI per capita, PPP |
$53,160
2024 |
37/191 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$22.1B
2024 |
59/177 |
|
Net foreign direct investment
|
-$1.17B
2024 |
120/188 |
|
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
|
$3.37B
2024 |
56/193 |
|
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
|
$2.2B
2024 |
43/187 |
|
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
|
23.8%
2023 |
81/176 |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
GDP per capita map
GDP per capita
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Economy comparisons
The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.
Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.
A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.
Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.